In the wake of Google alum
Marissa Mayer's surprise hiring as CEO, variations of the same question are popping up again and again:
What can be done to turn once-mighty Yahoo around?
In the salad days of the
late '90s and early 2000s, Yahoo was the very face of the Internet for
many people. Its search engine was the Web's most-used, letting the
company demand top dollars for advertising. As a Web portal, it helped
hundreds of million of people take their first tentative steps online.
But along came a company
called Google, whose algorithm-based search feature came to dominate the
market quickly and whose e-mail service, while not supplanting Yahoo's,
played a part in stripping away the company's fading sheen of Internet
chic.
Yahoo's stock price
spiraled to $118.75 in early 2000. That number sat at $15.62 Wednesday
morning, about three months after the company laid off 2,000 workers.
The once-dominant photo site, Yahoo-owned Flickr, has been increasingly shoved aside in favor of
mobile apps such as Instagram and blogging sites such as Tumblr. And even online advertising, which Yahoo once dominated, is slumping.
Yahoo's ad revenue has been passed by both Google and Facebook, and its overall share of online ad sales in the United States has been cut in half since 2009.
The company has churned through four CEOs in four years. And the last,
Scott Thompson, left in May after he was discovered to have padded his resume with college credentials he didn't really earn.
So what's to be done?
Defining Yahoo
Analysts say the Sunnyvale, California, company needs to
start by deciding what it is.
Take a quick look at
this list of products: Yahoo Mail. Yahoo Messenger. Yahoo Groups. Yahoo
Voice. Yahoo Voices (yes, they have both). Yahoo Sports, Yahoo News,
Yahoo Finance and Yahoo Shopping. That's just the tip of the digital
iceberg, and doesn't even get into Yahoo-owned services such as Flickr,
Delicious and Rivals.com.
Oh yes, and Yahoo still has a search engine, too (although its inner workings have been farmed out to
Microsoft).
"Yahoo!'s fundamental
problem is that it has too many disparate products with no clear
unifying thread that ties them all together,"
analyst Shar VanBoskirk of Forrester Research wrote on the company's blog this week.
VanBoskirk, who has
followed Yahoo closely, said Mayer must be open to killing the company's
lesser products as she seeks to move things in the right direction.
According to VanBoskirk,
Yahoo's new chief needs to do three things: Define a clear vision for
the Yahoo brand, get rid of products that have nothing to do with that
vision and then "market the new vision clearly so that business and
consumer customers know what Yahoo! is and why to use it."
And while she lauds Mayer's experience and knowledge, VanBoskirk said she is not sure the 37-year-old is up to the task.
"Mayer's background is
in product development ... not corporate strategy, not marketing, not
brand definition ... the areas where Yahoo! has the most critical need,"
she wrote in the post, which a Forrester spokeswoman cited when reached
for comment on this story.
Attracting talent
Evercore analyst Ken Sena
doesn't necessarily agree. He said innovation is the key for Yahoo, a
company that, in the eyes of many, has remained stagnant while rivals
better anticipated such digital trends as the growth of social media and
mobile networking. Those competing companies, including Google, have
repeatedly disrupted a Web landscape that's dramatically different than
when Yahoo ruled.
"Her experience will be
valuable there," Sena said. "I think the argument can be made that
Marissa probably already knows Yahoo very well. She's probably studied
it for some time."
He too suggests
streamlining, saying that some Yahoo services will need to be "pared
down and, ultimately, outsourced or shuttered." The company needs to
address the growth of the mobile Web, he said, or as VanBoskirk puts it,
develop "a plan for The Splinternet."
And to innovate truly, Sena said Mayer will need to bring in the sort of people who helped turned Google into a powerhouse.
Popular tech blogger
Robert Scoble agrees. He's bullish on Mayer as CEO, even though she
"does face huge problems at Yahoo," he wrote
on his Google+ page. He said she's uniquely suited to do what any good leader must do: surround herself with other talented people.
"That company has been
abused by its leaders for so long and has lost so much talent," he
wrote. "That said, one thing I watch is who would join a new leader.
I've been at several events and have seen first hand the people that
Marissa inspires. She'll probably bring in her own innovation team that
will be world class pretty quickly. This will be an innovation shock to
Yahoo that's definitely needed."
Leading with products, not content
By selecting Mayer over
interim CEO Ross Levinsohn, Yahoo could be tipping its hand as to what
users can expect. Levinsohn's background is in content, such as Yahoo
News and related offerings such as Yahoo Voices (formerly Associated
Content, a publishing platform that's been criticized as a low-quality
"content farm.")
Mayer, meanwhile, comes
from a product-development background. In her 13 years at Google she
helped create the look of a number of services, from Gmail to Google
Maps.
Netscape co-founder Marc
Andreessen, now head of influential venture-capital firm Andreessen
Horowitz, said that could mean Yahoo is ready to focus on innovating and
improving products such as Yahoo Mail and Yahoo Messenger instead of
pumping up Web content such as Yahoo News (which is hugely popular but
is largely populated by material gleaned from outside news services).
"It's a huge statement on the part of the board that they want the company to be product-led,"
Andreesen told Business Insider,
a CNN content partner. "I say that because they had a great CEO
(Levinsohn) if they wanted to be media-led. It's a huge double down on
product."
Andreessen said he
wouldn't have gone in that product-focused direction, but "I didn't
think they could get someone like Marissa."
Yahoo will need to
figure out how to make users want those products though, according to
Sena. Tools such as Yahoo Mail and the popular portal page don't
translate well to mobile devices, which are, increasingly
, how people access the Web.
But analysts point to some positives on which Mayer can build.
While it's sliding in the United States,
Yahoo Mail is still the second-most popular e-mail service
in the world (behind Microsoft's Hotmail) and a top portal for many.
The company said 700 million people a month still visit Yahoo sites -- a
lot of eyeballs to look at advertising, which both Sena and VanBoskirk
see as a logical focus moving forward.
"Its reach and available inventory is massive,"
VanBoskirk wrote last year. "And its ad marketplace is making real-time ad buying mainstream."
source: By
Doug Gross,
CNN.com 
